ITshayina ivelisa ama-90 ekhulwini egama elithi gallium nama-60 ekhulwini egermanium.Ngokunjalo, lelona qela liphambili ehlabathiniumvelisi wegraphitekunye nomthengisi kumazwe angaphandle kwaye acokise ngaphezu kwama-90 epesenti yegraphite yehlabathi.
I-China, iphinda yenza izihloko eziphambili kunye nemigaqo esanda kwaziswa malunga nokuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-graphite electrode.Ukususela ngomhla woku-1 kuDisemba, urhulumente waseTshayina uza kusebenzisa amanyathelo angqongqo okukhusela ukhuseleko lwelizwe ngokufuna imvume yokuthumela ngaphandle kwezinye iimveliso zegraphite.Eli nyathelo liza njengempendulo kwimingeni ekhulayo esuka koorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle kwaye lijolise ekubetheni ulungelelwaniso olucekethekileyo phakathi kokukhusela iimfuno zasekhaya kunye nokugcina ubudlelwane obunempilo borhwebo bamazwe ngamazwe.
Iielectrode zegraphite, icandelo elibalulekileyo kwishishini le-steelmaking, liye lafunwa kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele.Ngobuchule bayo obukhethekileyo kunye nokumelana nobushushu, i-electrode yegraphite idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwii-arc zombane ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa intsimbi.China, njengoko umvelisi inkulu ehlabathini kunyeumthengisi we-electrode yegraphite, inempembelelo enkulu kwimarike yehlabathi.Nangona kunjalo, iinkxalabo malunga nefuthe lokusingqongileyo kwimveliso yegraphite kunye nokuphazamiseka okunokwenzeka kwikhonkco lonikezelo lwehlabathi kubangele ukuba urhulumente waseTshayina athathe amanyathelo asebenzayo.
Isigqibo soMphathiswa wezoRhwebo sokuseka iimvume zokuthumela ngaphandle kwezinye iimveliso zegraphite sibonisa ngokucacileyo ukuzinikela kweTshayina ekujonganeni nezi nkxalabo.Ngokuphumeza izithintelo ezinjalo, urhulumente waseTshayina ujolise ekuqinisekiseni imveliso yegraphite ezinzileyo kunye noxanduva, ukunciphisa impembelelo embi yokusingqongileyo ebangelwa izenzo zokungakhathali kwemigodi.Ukongezelela, eli nyathelo lijoliswe ekukhuthazeni ulwabiwo olusebenzayo lwezibonelelo kunye nokuthintela ukugcinwa kwempahla ngokungeyomfuneko, oku kunokukhokelela ekuguquguqukeni kweemarike kunye nokuguquguquka kwexabiso.
Ukhuseleko lwelizwe luye lwaba yinkxalabo ephambili eTshayina kwiminyaka yakutshanje.Njengoko ilizwe lijongene nokhuphiswano olwandayo kunye nemingeni evela koorhulumente bamazwe angaphandle, ukukhusela amandla alo kwezoshishino kubalulekile.I-electrodes ye-graphite, iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoshishino lwensimbi, inokubaluleka kobuchule, okwenza kube yinto ekujoliswe kuyo yokuphazamiseka kwamanye amazwe okanye ukuphazamiseka.Ngokuphumeza iimvume zokuthumela ngaphandle, i-China ifuna ukukhusela imveliso yayo yasekhaya yentsimbi kunye nokugcina amaxabiso azinzileyo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zayo zokhuseleko lwelizwe zikhuselwe ngokufanelekileyo.
Nangona ukunyanzeliswa kweemvume zokuthumela ngaphandle kunokuphakamisa inkxalabo phakathi kwabavelisi bentsimbi bamazwe ngamazwe kunye nabathengi, kubalulekile ukuqonda imfuneko kunye nengqiqo emva kwezi zithintelo.Urhulumente waseTshayina akafuni kuthintela urhwebo lwehlabathi okanye ukulawula imarike;kunoko, ijolise ekubetheleleni ulungelelwaniso olulungele zombini imizi-mveliso yasekhaya kwaye lulungele intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe.Ngokuphumeza iimvume zokuthumela ngaphandle, i-China inokugcina unikezelo oluzinzileyo lwe-electrode yegraphite kubenzi bentsimbi basekhaya ngelixa iqinisekisa iindlela zokurhweba ezinobulungisa kunye neziselubala kunye namaqabane ayo ngamazwe ngamazwe.
Kubalulekile ukukhankanya ukuba isigqibo se-China sokuthintela ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-electrode yegraphite yinxalenye yendlela ebanzi yokunyuka kokuhlolwa kokuthunyelwa kwezimbiwa kumazwe angaphandle.Njengoko amazwe esiba ngakumbi ngefuthe lemo yezopolitiko kwimithombo yezimbiwa, athatha amanyathelo okukhusela iimpahla zawo.I-China, njengomdlali ophambili kwiimarike ezininzi zezimbiwa ezibalulekileyo, ijoyina nje le ndlela yehlabathi.Kubalulekile kubo bonke abachaphazelekayo ababandakanyekayo ukuba baqonde iinzuzo ezifanayo zamanyathelo anjalo kwaye basebenzisane ukuseka inkqubo yorhwebo yehlabathi enobulungisa nezinzileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, izenzo zorhulumente waseTshayina kufuneka zikhuthaze uphuhliso lweminye imithombo yeeelectrode zegraphite.Ukwahluka kwekhonkco lonikezelo lwehlabathi kuya kunciphisa ukuthembela kwilizwe elinye kwaye kuthobe imingcipheko enokubakho eyayanyaniswa nezithintelo zorhwebo.Oku kunokukhokelela ekwandeni kotyalo-mali kwimveliso yee-electrode zegraphite kwamanye amazwe kwaye, emva koko, kudalwe ukhuphiswano ngakumbi kunye nemarike yehlabathi ezinzileyo.
Ukuqukumbela, isigqibo seTshayina sokuphumeza iimvume zokuthumela ngaphandle kwamanye amazweiimveliso zegraphiteyimpendulo kuzo zombini iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo kunye nemidla yokhuseleko lwesizwe.Ngokumisela ezi zithintelo, i-China ijolise ekwenzeni imveliso yegraphite enoxanduva, ikhusele ishishini layo lasekhaya lentsimbi, kunye nokudala imeko-bume yorhwebo yehlabathi ezinzileyo.Kubalulekile kubo bonke abachaphazelekayo ukuba balujonge olu phuhliso ngengxoxo evulelekileyo nentsebenziswano, bezama ukwenza ulungelelwano phakathi kwemidla yesizwe kunye nokuthungelana koqoqosho lwehlabathi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-26-2023